IMI M-3/M-9 Half-Track-based Mortar Carriers

     Notes: For most of the active Israeli-Arab Wars, the Israelis used many mortars based upon the US Half-Track (both M-3 and M-9 versions), which were suitably modified for their role.  The first of such vehicles were little more than standard M-3A1 Half-Tracks with a mortar and the associated equipment added in, as well as ammo and equipment racks.  The mortars were quickly replaced by mortars of Israeli design, and ammunition storage rearranged.  In this guise, the vehicle was known as a Half-Track Mk C.  Later, after considerable redesign work, the M-3 and M-9 were able to be equipped with a 120mm Soltam mortar.  These vehicles were used by the Israelis from near the beginning of the country’s existence, and well into the 1980s.  They were the recipients of numerous upgrades, maintenance work, and repair work.  Ultimately, they were replaced by US-built M-125 and M-106 mortar carriers (with the latter mounting a Soltam 120mm mortar instead of the M-106’s standard 4.2-inch mortar).

 

Early Israeli Half-Track Mortar Carriers and the Mk-C Series

     Used from the 1950s until the 1980s, the original Israeli Half-Track Mortar Carrier was, had, as stated above, the minimum of modifications to turn it into a medium mortar carrier.  For a while, these mortar carriers were equipped with the US-designed 81mm M-29 mortar; as Israeli arms production got underway, these were replaced by short or long-barreled versions of the Soltam 81mm mortar series were mounted.  Unfortunately, the mechanical design and layout of the Half-Track meant that a proper vehicle-mounted baseplate could not be used; instead, the baseplate was welded directly to the floor of carrier, with several points around the rear of the mortar to allow large deflection changes to be made by picking up the mortar, swinging it in the direction necessary, then locking the feet of the mortar’s bipod into the floor of the Half-Track.

     Though these early IDF Half-Track mortar carriers may have been based on M-3s, M-3A1s, M-5s, or M-5A1s, by the time they went through the upgrades to turn them into Mk-Cs, they were all essentially the same vehicles and had the same specifications.  Pretty much, except for IDF-specific modifications, they were all equivalent to M-5A1s.

 

The First Step: The Mk-C

     When the new mortars were mounted on the Half-Track, the new vehicle was called the Mk-C, as it also had several modifications to help the protection picture and to increase automotive reliability.  Engines were tuned up or replaced, suspensions were made capable of better cross-country, and a new transmission made driving the half-tracked vehicle easier (though the transmission was still manual, one did not need to worry about the gearing to the front wheels as well as to the rear track).  Externally, the use of appliqué armor is obvious; some Mk-Cs even have track skirts and wheel protectors.  The bullet-resistant glass of the cab was made stronger, as strong as that of the rest of the vehicle, and Israeli Mk-Cs generally did not use armored shutters.  The door in the rear of the Half-Track was retained, as was the ring mount over the commander’s seat.  Sometimes the side-mounted M-1919A4 (later MAG-58) were retained, but not all Israeli Half-Track mortar carriers had them. (I have included them below.) The rear machinegun mount interfered with the mortar (especially if a long-barreled mortar was used) and was generally omitted. Internally, the rear section of the Half-Track was crammed full with racks for mortar rounds, fuzes, and a few spare charges; it also had two long-range radios and a shorter-range radio for communication with vehicles and personnel who are closer to the carrier.  These radios were carried internally.  Though in most cases, the mortar carrier would get its instructions from an FDC, Israeli mortar gunners, like most Western mortar crews, could aim their fires with a decent degree of accuracy using the old-fashioned plotting circle, protractor, map, and grease pencils.  Crew personal equipment were mostly carried in racks along the side of the vehicle.

     Mk-Cs could be powered by the White 160AX 147-horsepower gasoline engine of the M-3 or the IHC RED 450B 143-horsepower liquid-cooled engine of the M-5; most used the higher-horsepower, lighter, and mechanically-simpler White engine, and that what the stats below show.  Most of these vehicles’ drive train displayed numerous repairs, upkeep, and general maintenance, as well as some jury-rigged repairs.  Starting with the Mk-C, driving the vehicle became easier due to the transmission modifications noted above.  (It might be difficult to simulate this in game terms, though one possibility is to assign fractional levels of work each period spent driving the Half-Track.)  Most crew seats are deleted, though they still have the under-seat stowage; in addition, the equivalent of two seats on each side also retain the stowage bins, though there is no actual seat there. Israeli Half-Track mortar carriers also sometimes had their M-2HBs exchanged for M-1919A4s or MAGs; this allowed the vehicle to carry the same amount of machinegun ammunition, but cut down on the weight of ammunition carried and the space it takes up in the vehicle.

 

The Half-Track Mortar Carrier Improved: The Mk-C2

     By the 1973 War, the Israelis managed to come out with a kit that changed earlier versions of the Mk-C into a vehicle that was largely based on the M-9A1 Half-Track.  However, the Mk-C2 has a much better suspension than the US-designed M-9A1. In addition, the gasoline engines of the earlier versions were pulled and replaced with the same Detroit Diesel 6V53 212-horsepower as used in the M-113-series APCs of the period.  The M-113s Allison TX-100N automatic transmission was also fitted to the Half-Track.  Internal ammunition stowage was rearranged to allow the Mk-C2 that allowed the vehicle to carry more mortar shells and fuzes as well as more machinegun ammunition and a small box of grenades (not included below).   Thicker appliqué armor was fitted; experiments were done in the late 1970s, trying to fit the ERA of that period to the sides and front of the vehicle’ however, it was judged that an ERA panel explosion would injure or possibly kill crewmembers, and often, the frontal ERA glazed or shattered the bullet-resistant windshield.  The ERA experiments were quickly dropped.

     The Mk-C2 gave the commander or gunner a hand-held laser rangefinder to assist in positioning the vehicle and in cases of firing by direct lay.  (And remember how big “hand-held” laser rangefinders were at the time…)  In the early 1980s, at nearly the end of the their service lives, the Mk-C2s had mortar ballistic computers installed in them; these MBCs were new tech, relatively large, and prone to failures, but allowed the gunners to accurately fire support missions given their map coordinates and those of the target.

 

Half-Track Mortar Carrier to the Max: the Mk-D

     The 1956 War revealed an unexpected problem with the Mk-C; though it could carry enough rounds for a good bombardment, the 81mm shells lacked the power to produce a really heavy, nasty shelling of the target.  This led the IDF to begin experimenting with a 120mm mortar carrier.  At first, the Israelis experimented with the use of an AMX-13 base vehicle; this chassis proved to be problematic for the task it was given.  As with the Mk-C, the AMX mortar carrier prototype had a baseplate welded directly to the floor of the vehicle.  This meant that the AMX-13’s suspension would have to take up the entire shock of the mortar’s recoil, which amounted to an astounding 120 tons of force.  The AMX-13’s suspension simply was not up to the task, and due to the AMX-13’s suspension design, it could not be beefed up enough to handle the task.  The IDF would also have problems getting enough AMX-13 chassis from France for the task.  The M-113 series, which would later see heavy use with the IDF, was still being developed in the US.  Most other countries simply didn’t want to sell arms to Israel.

     It looked bad for the IDF, but then several things came together.  Soltam developed a new 120mm mortar which not only had effective shock absorbers of its own, but also had a baseplate platform that meant that the mortar did not have to be welded to the floor of the Half-Track.  The Half-Track proved to take to beefing up very well, and able to take up much of the recoil forces.  And more Half-Tracks were gotten from several countries, including the US, through back channels.

     The resulting vehicle was known as the Mk-D (and later, the Mk-D2).  Of course, the Mk-D could not carry as many shells and fuzes as the Mk-C, the 120mm shells being much bigger and heavier than the 81mm shells.  Thus, the Mk-Ds were almost always accompanied by trucks or armored load carriers with more ammunition. Generally, machinegun ammunition was reduced to make way for a little more 120mm ammunition, though most Mk-Ds mounted the M-2HB at the commander’s station to somewhat increase the defensive firepower.

 

Vehicle

Price

Fuel Type

Load

Veh Wt

Crew

Mnt

Night Vision

Radiological

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-3-Based)

$305,152

G, A

200 kg

9.91 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-3A1-Based)

$306,830

G, A

150 kg

10.01 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-5-Based)

$305,142

G, A

200 kg

10.11 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-5A1-Based)

$306,820

G, A

150 kg

10.31 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C (Light Mortar)

$315,517

G, A

250 kg

10.36 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C (Long-Barrel Mortar)

$327,667

G, A

250 kg

10.38 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C (Long-Range Mortar)

$327,701

G, A

250 kg

10.39 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C2 (Light Mortar)

$516,562

D, A

300 kg

10.66 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C2 (Long-Barrel Mortar)

$528,659

D, A

300 kg

10.67 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-C2 (Long-Range Mortar)

$528,706

D, A

300 kg

10.68 tons

2+4

10

Headlights

Open

Mk-D

$392,383

D, A

200 kg

12.46 tons

2+4

9

Headlights

Open

Mk-D2

$510,524

D, A

200 kg

12.69 tons

2+4

10

Headlights

Open

 

Vehicle

Tr Mov

Com Mov

Fuel Cap

Fuel Cons

Config

Susp*

Armor**

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-3-Based)

117/82

19/12

230

89

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF3  HS2  HR2

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-3A1-Based)

116/81

19/12

230

90

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF3  HS3  HR2

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-5-Based)

113/79

18/12

230

88

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF3  HS2  HR2

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-5A1-Based)

112/78

18/12

230

89

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF3  HS3  HR2

Mk-C (Light/Long-Barrel/Long-Range Mortar)

114/80

18/12

230

91

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF4  HS4  HR2

Mk-C2 (Light/Long-Barrel/Long Range Mortar)

139/97

23/14

230

102

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF5  HS4  HR3

Mk-D

119/83

20/12

230

120

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF5  HS4  HR3

Mk-D2

117/82

20/12

230

122

Stnd

T2/(W)1

HF5  HS5  HR3

 

Vehicle

Fire Control

Stabilization

Armament

Ammunition

Early IDF Half-Track Mortar Carrier (M-3/M-3A1/M-5/M-5A1-Based)

None

None

81mm M-29 or Soltam Light Mortar, M-2HB (C) and M-1919A4 (L, Rt) or M-1919A4 (C, Rt, L), or MAGs instead of M-1919A4s

105x81mm; 525x.50 and 5800x.30-06 or 7.62mm; or 6700x.30-06 or 7.62mm

Mk-C (Light/Long-Barrel/Long-Range Mortar)

None

None

81mm Soltam Mortar; M-2HB (C) and 2xMAG (Rt, L); or 3xMAG (C, Rt, L)

105x81mm; 525x.50 and 5800x7.62mm; or 111x81mm, 6325x7.62mm

Mk-C2 (Light/Long-Barrel/Long-Range Mortar)

None

None

81mm Soltam Mortar; M-2HB (C) and 2xMAG (Rt, L); or 3xMAG (C, Rt, L)

105x81mm; 525x.50 and 5800x7.62mm; or 111x81mm, 6325x7.62mm

Mk-C (Long-Range Mortar)

None

None

81mm Soltam Long-Range Mortar; M-2HB (C) and 2xMAG (Rt, L); or 3xMAG (C, Rt, L)

105x81mm; 525x.50 and 5800x7.62mm; or 111x81mm, 6325x7.62mm

Mk-D/Mk-D2

None

None

120mm Soltam K-6; M-2HB (C) and 2xMAG (Rt, L); or 3xMAG (C, Rt, L)

71x120mm; 525x.50 and 5800x7.62mm; or 78x120mm, 6325x7.62mm

*If the tracks are hit, the Suspension value is T2.  If the front wheels are hit, the Suspension value is (W)1.  Suspension hits are a 50/50 proposition as to whether the tracks or wheels are hit.

**This vehicle has no overhead protection at all; hull roof AV is 0.  Floor armor, however, is 2.

 

Makmat

     Notes: The Makmat consists of a heavily-modified M-7 Priest (itself a heavily-modified M-4 Sherman tank), with the modifications designed to allow the Makmat to carry the Soltam 160mm mortar (an improved version of the old Soviet 160mm mortar).  Though there were not many built, the Makmat mortar does fire a satisfying-heavy charge of explosives, and throws general mayhem downrange.  Most of these vehicles are now museum pieces or have been sold to other countries; the last combat use of the Makmat by the Israelis occurred in 1982 in Lebanon.  In addition to fire support, one of the primary missions of the Makmat was to provide battlefield illumination.  This was especially important during the 1967 war, as most Israeli vehicles and troops did not have night vision equipment.  They should perhaps get the title of “unsung hero,” as the illumination (and fire support) they provided made many of their night victories possible in that war.

     The M-7 Priest base vehicle is essentially stripped down to its chassis; when the body is finished, the Makmat has a moderately-sloped glacis.  The driver is behind this glacis, with the driver in the front of the vehicle near the bottom of the glacis.  The driver has a hatch which locks open slightly above horizontal, or closes with the driver looking out through a vision slit near the top of his hatch.  (Note that while the hatch is open, he is vulnerable to small-arms fire and shell fragments, particularly in the head, torso, and arms.) The commander is essentially in the same place he would be on a Priest, except that the pulpit-like stand is replaced by a more conventional hatch and stand.  The commander’s position has fittings for a machinegun, and there is a ring mount, but in practice this is often not mounted.  Instead, a pintle is mounted on either side of the rear gun space.  The rest of the crew have seats in the rear; the rear area, behind the commander’s position, is open-topped.  The back of the rear area is normally locked straight out to provide more space for the crew to work in when using the mortar; a ladder is mounted on this folding rear deck, and when the deck is folded up and closed for traveling, the ladder folds flat against the outside of the deck plate.

     The suspension remains typical of a Sherman-series vehicle; however, the gasoline engine and manual transmission have been replaced with a 430-horsepower Cummins turbocharged diesel engine and an automatic transmission, with the driver having a conventional brake and gas pedal, a steering yoke, and a gearshift that can be used on the fly and allows operation in reverse, in the lower range of gears for steep hills or very rough terrain, or the upper range of gears for maximum speed.  Essentially, the entire drive train has been removed in favor of the more modern drive train.

     The Makmat mortar uses a heavy-gauge steel smoothbore barrel.  The Makmat mortar is breech-loaded; loading such a large-caliber mortar by dropping heavy 160mm rounds down the barrel would be impossible to sustain in a tactical situation.  To load the mortar, the barrel is lowered under by virtually the entire crew into its traveling position, opening the breech and allowing a round to be loaded.  The mortar is then raised again, and the mortar is fired by lanyard.  Raising the mortar back to firing position is relatively easy, as the mortar strut has a spring-loaded counterbalance mechanism.  When the mortar is in the Makmat carrier, the baseplate’s traveling wheels are locked into the vehicle’s baseplate, with the offside wheel being used to allow rotation of the mortar.  The mortar fires over the rear of the vehicle, but can be rotated through 360 degrees, with elevation and depression being from +70 to +43 degrees.  When mounted in the carrier, the mortar’s baseplate is locked into the floor, and the baseplate can be readily removed if necessary.  The mortar is supplied with two sights; one has less precise adjustments and is used for general bombardment; the other is used for more pinpoint bombardment, such as in MOUT fighting.

Price

Fuel Type

Load

Veh Wt

Crew

Mnt

Night Vision

Radiological*

$460,067

D, A

500 kg

36 tons

8

22

Headlights

Open

 

Tr Mov

Com Mov

Fuel Cap

Fuel Cons

Config

Susp

Armor**

107/75

27/11

700

154

Stnd

T5

HF27  HS8  HR4

 

Fire Control

Stabilization

Armament

Ammunition

None

None

160mm Soltam M-66 mortar, 2xMAG or 2xM-2HB (Rt, L)

56x160mm, 2000x7.62mm or 1000x.50

*The two-thirds of the vehicle that is the fighting compartment is open topped and is considered “Open” against NBC attack.  The front one-third, with the commander’s and driver’s positions, is considered “Enclosed.”

**As above, note that the rear two-thirds of the Makmat is open topped and therefore can be fired into without difficulty (assuming you are high enough to shoot into the fighting compartment or have a weapon that can take advantage of the open top).  In other words, the rear two-thirds of the Makmat have a roof AV of 0.

 

Keshet

     Notes: The IDF has been using the US-designed M-125 (81mm), and M-106 (with the 4.2” mortar replaced with a Soltam K-6 120mm mortar); the M-1064A3 was therefore desirable, as the crews were already familiar with the M-113 series.  Externally, the Keshet is virtually identical to the M-1064A3; internally, the Keshet is heavily modified from the M-1064A3, to serve the Cardom (Hatchet) mortar, Israeli radios, ammunition storage, and in general to have the Keshet conform to IDF needs and standard.  (The Cardom mortar can also be mounted with minimal modifications to any M-1064A3-series vehicle; with more extensive modifications, the Cardom can also be mated to M-113A3 and MTVL-based vehicles; Soltam has not shown many prototypes or mock-ups of the Keshet mating to wheeled armored vehicles, but Soltam says they can also mate the Keshet mortar to several wheeled armored vehicles.)  The Keshet was first deployed to IDF units in 2011, and the US Army is partially replacing its M-1064A3s with Keshets (I have not been able to discover the nomenclature for the Keshet in US service). The US Army has also tested the Cardom on a modified Stryker mortar carrier, and will almost certainly be part of a Stryker Brigade’s lineup. Other interested parties include several NATO countries.

     The Cardom is a heavily-modified Soltam K-6 120mm mortar; however, the K-6 base weapon is almost unrecognizable under the modifications that produce a Cardom mortar.  One of the most obvious modifications are the heavy-duty recoil-dampening shock absorbers on either side of the barrel, necessary to allow firing some of the new 120mm mortar ammunition, to keep from damaging sites, protect the electronics and carriage system, and to keep the vehicle or the mortar from movement and ruining the Keshet crews’ fire solution during recoiling when fired.  Another heavy modification is the loading system; the Cardom is breechloaded, but is in addition, using a trigger on the barrel and manual loading allow the crew to engage in short but high-speed bursts of shelling.  (Up to 16 rounds per minute 1 minute can be achieved with a good crew, and the Cardom’s normal rate of fire is only 4 rounds per minute.)  Though the Cardom mortar system is rather heavy (about 750 kilograms), In addition, the Mortar Ballistic Computer and other subsystems allows the crew to conduct its fire missions while the crew is entirely inside the armor envelope of the Keshet, requiring only that the rear overhead hatch remain open.  The Cardom can fire any sort of 120mm smoothbore rounds, newer rounds developed for the 120mm mortar over the past 10 years or so, and most types of smart 120mm mortar munitions.  The Cardom can be brought to its traveling position in less than 5 seconds; it folds down and forward.  The baseplate system allows the Cardom to be rotated and fired through 360 degrees, and has an elevation range of +40 to +85 degrees.  Though Soltam is exploring ground-mounted versions of the Cardom, the Keshet and the Cardom currently do not allow the Cardom to be removed and ground-mounted.

     Of course, the IDF would have been fools to not include to compliment the Cardom.  This includes an MBC which is slaved to the Cardom and the GPS system, allowing the crew to generate highly-accurate fire solutions by themselves without input from an FDC, and to take instructions from the unit needing fire support in a hurry.  The Cardom’s GPS can use the Keshet’s data-capable radio to pass target information fire solutions to other Keshets and battlefield control units, or receive information as needed from other units similarly-equipped.  The fire solutions can be punched into the MBC and other electronics, and since the MBC, GPS, and tactical computer are slaved to the mortar, the Cardom will automatically slew and elevate/depress to the proper position inside the Keshet, and the crew only needs to put a round in the carriage or manually load the Cardom. (The GPS/map system may be substituted or assisted by a very accurate inertial navigation; both have access to the computer’s mapping system, and both can assist the Cardom in calculating fire solutions.)

     The Cardom essentially has the same range when using conventional ammunition as the Soltam K-6 mortar.  The MBC is advanced and made by Elbit; it is little larger than a cell phone.  The Keshet also has a ruggedized laptop computer, and the radios have mounts to help further shield them from recoil.  The radio setup includes a short-range computer which may be removed and manpacked if necessary; other radios include a medium-range radio, and two data-capable long-range radios.  The Keshet has a GPS system, which, in addition to its input to the Cardom, provides position information and driving instructions.  The Cardom is equipped with small flat-panel displays (one for the driver, and one at the commander’s position), with the driver’s screen displaying position coordinates, speed, fuel consumption and range based on those consumption figures, as well as fuel onboard and readings and any problems with the vehicle’s drive train.  The commander’s flatscreen displays that information and the state of the Cardom mortar and ammunition display.

     The Keshet is, after all a modified M-1064A3, and they have many features in common.  The driver has a conventional brake and gas pedal, as well as a steering yoke.  This greatly reduces the fatigue on the driver. The Keshet has an automatic transmission and is powered by a 275-horsepower turbocharged diesel, which is a Detroit Diesel 6V53T engine. Some other components of the RISE 2 upgrades have been used, such as a more-reliable drive train and an improved suspension.  The standard M-113-series inability to pivot steer safely has been improved, allowing IDF units to again pivot steer, even at 3/4s its full speed. Like the M-1064, the Keshet has its fuel tanks removed to fuel tanks mounted externally above the rear fenders.  The Keshet is not amphibious; it is too heavy and not sufficiently balanced for swimming.  Because of this, the trim vane has been removed. Kevlar anti-spalling panels have been added to the surfaces of the interior as well as the inside of the fuel tanks.  The glacis, sides, and rear has been improved, providing more protection.  If desired, ERA, conventional appliqué, or MEXAS-type composite appliqué can be used. The driver has a front vision block which may be replaced by a night vision block; this vision block is a thermal viewer instead of the more standard passive IR viewer.

     The commander’s station is in the same position as on the M-1064A3, and the driver is also in the same position as on the M-1064A3.  The other crewmembers have seats at the front of the fighting compartment with underseat storage.  Though other compartments exist in the Keshet, they are necessarily small, and four large lockets are mounted on its sides.  Unlike its M-113-based brethren, the Kashet normally has a MAG machinegun instead of an M-2HB as a commander’s weapon. A limited amount of maps, as well as a protractor, aiming circle, and some grease pencils and colored wipe-away alcohol markers are also carried in case the electronics suite is down of not working to its full potential.  The normal crew compliment is four, with all crewmembers working the Cardom on a fire mission.  However, one or two additional crewmembers may be added, depending upon mission requirements.

     Compared to the M-1064A3, the Keshet has more armor plating than the M-1064.  The fuel tanks, should they be penetrated, are self-sealing.  On the front fenders are found four smoke grenade launchers per fender; the Israelis are known to use IR screening smoke, and even fragmentation or concussion grenades from those launchers.  As noted above, the Keshet has a large two-piece hatch over the mortar to allow it to fire, and the rear ramp with the smaller door in it is retained.  In addition, over the rear crewmembers there are small hatches, which are surrounded by vision blocks.

     Twilight 2000 Notes: The Keshet mortar carrier does not exist, though limited amounts of Cardom mortars are available, and usually transported towed behind another vehicle.  The MBC is retained in the Twilight 2000 timeline.

Vehicle

Price

Fuel Type

Load

Veh Wt

Crew

Mnt

Night Vision

Radiological

Keshet

$457,419

D, A

890 kg

14.39 tons

2+4

10

Thermal Imaging (D)

Shielded

Keshet w/Appliqué

$460,058

D, A

860 kg

14.81 tons

2+4

10

Thermal Imaging (D)

Shielded

Keshet w/ERA

$472,419

D, A

845 kg

15.11 tons

2+4

11

Thermal Imaging (D)

Shielded

Keshet w/MEXAS

$473,860

D, A

675 kg

15.25 tons

2+4

10

Thermal Imaging (D)

Shielded

 

Vehicle

Tr Mov

Com Mov

Fuel Cap

Fuel Cons

Config

Susp

Armor

Keshet

124/88

28/19

360

159

Stnd

T2

HF9  HS7  HR5

Keshet w/Appliqué

120/85

27/18

360

164

Stnd

T2

HF11  HS9  HR5

Keshet w/ERA

118/84

27/18

360

167

Stnd

T2

HF9  HS7  HR5

Keshet w/MEXAS

117/83

26/18

360

169

Stnd

T3

HF11Cp  HS9Cp  HR5

 

Vehicle

Fire Control

Stabilization

Armament

Ammunition

Keshet (All Variants)

None

None

120mm Cardom mortar, MAG (C)

54x120mm, 3335x7.62mm